Jména

Jména, often referred to as personal names, are words or sets of words by which an individual is designated and addressed. These designations are crucial for individual identification and social recognition within a community or society. The practice of assigning names is ancient and universal, with variations in naming conventions and traditions across cultures and historical periods.

Typically, a personal name consists of a given name, also known as a first name, and a surname, also known as a last name or family name. The given name is usually bestowed upon an individual at birth or shortly after, often by parents or guardians, and may hold cultural, religious, or familial significance. Surnames are generally inherited, often through the paternal or maternal line, and serve to link individuals to a family lineage or clan.

The etymology and meaning of names are diverse. Some names are derived from religious figures, historical personalities, natural phenomena, or desirable qualities. Others may have roots in specific languages or cultural mythologies. The selection of a name can be influenced by trends, family traditions, or a desire to honor someone.

In many societies, a person's full name is used in official capacities, such as legal documents, identification, and formal introductions. Nicknames or diminutives are also common and are often used in informal settings among friends and family, offering a more intimate form of address. The cultural significance of names extends beyond mere identification; they can convey identity, heritage, and social standing.