Itaans

Itaans, also known as Itaanis or Itani, are a small ethnic group primarily residing in the southern regions of the Indian state of Kerala. Their origins are closely tied to the history of the Malabar Coast, with historical records suggesting they descend from traders, sailors, and laborers who migrated to the region over centuries. The term "Itaan" is believed to derive from the Malayalam word "Itan," meaning "boatman" or "sailor," reflecting their traditional maritime occupations.

The Itaans have historically played significant roles in fishing, shipbuilding, and coastal trade. Their communities were often centered around ports and fishing villages, where they developed unique cultural practices and social structures. Over time, many Itaans adopted Islam, particularly through interactions with Arab and Persian traders, leading to a distinct Islamic cultural identity within their community.

Traditionally, Itaans were organized into matrilineal clans, a practice that influenced their social customs and inheritance patterns. Their language, Itaan, is a dialect closely related to Malayalam, with some influences from Arabic and other coastal languages. However, due to assimilation and modernization, the use of Itaan as a primary language has declined, and many Itaans now communicate in Malayalam or other regional languages.

In contemporary times, Itaans have diversified their occupations beyond traditional maritime roles, engaging in agriculture, commerce, and skilled trades. Their cultural heritage remains an important aspect of their identity, with festivals, music, and oral traditions preserving their historical legacy. Efforts to document and promote Itaan culture have gained momentum in recent years, aiming to safeguard their unique contributions to Kerala’s social and economic history.