Isopropylated

Isopropylated refers to a chemical modification where an isopropyl group, which is a branched three-carbon alkyl group with the formula (CH3)2CH−, is attached to a molecule. This process is known as isopropylation and can be achieved through various chemical reactions, such as Friedel-Crafts alkylation or nucleophilic substitution. The addition of an isopropyl group can significantly alter the physical and chemical properties of the parent molecule. For instance, it can increase lipophilicity, affecting solubility and how the molecule interacts with biological membranes. It can also influence the molecule's reactivity, steric hindrance, and conformation.

In organic chemistry, isopropylation is a common synthetic strategy used to create more complex molecules or to fine-tune the properties of existing ones. For example, isopropyl groups are often introduced into pharmaceuticals to improve their absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) profiles. In polymer chemistry, isopropylation of monomers can lead to polymers with modified thermal stability, mechanical strength, or solubility. The specific method of isopropylation and the resulting product depend on the nature of the starting material and the reaction conditions employed. Understanding the concept of isopropylation is crucial for chemists involved in synthesis, drug discovery, and materials science.