Isopentylamine

Isopentylamine, also known as 1-amino-3-methylbutane or isoamylamine, is an organic compound with the chemical formula (CH₃)₂CHCH₂CH₂NH₂. It is a primary amine, meaning the nitrogen atom is bonded to one alkyl group and two hydrogen atoms. It is a colorless liquid at room temperature with a characteristic fishy odor.

This compound is soluble in water and common organic solvents like ethanol and diethyl ether. It exhibits basic properties due to the presence of the lone pair of electrons on the nitrogen atom, readily reacting with acids to form salts. Isopentylamine can undergo various chemical reactions typical of primary amines, including alkylation, acylation, and diazotization.

Isopentylamine is used as a building block in the synthesis of various chemicals, including pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and other specialty organic compounds. It can also serve as a corrosion inhibitor and a component in some fuel additives. Its production typically involves the amination of isoamyl alcohol or the reduction of isoamyl nitrile. While generally considered to have moderate toxicity, appropriate safety precautions should be taken when handling isopentylamine due to its potential to cause irritation to skin, eyes, and respiratory tract.