Isomeeriaa

Isomeeriaa is a concept in chemistry that describes the phenomenon where molecules have the same chemical formula but differ in the arrangement of their atoms. This difference in atomic arrangement leads to distinct physical and chemical properties for each isomer, even though they are composed of the same number and type of atoms. The term "isomeeriaa" itself is not a standard chemical term but appears to be a misspelling or non-standard variation of "isomerism."

There are several types of isomerism. Structural isomerism, also known as constitutional isomerism, occurs when molecules have the same molecular formula but a different connectivity of atoms. For instance, butane and isobutane (both C4H10) are structural isomers. Stereoisomerism, on the other hand, involves molecules with the same connectivity but different spatial arrangements of their atoms. This category includes enantiomers, which are non-superimposable mirror images of each other, and diastereomers, which are stereoisomers that are not enantiomers. Geometric isomerism, a subtype of diastereomerism, arises from restricted rotation around a bond, often a double bond, leading to cis and trans isomers. Understanding isomerism is crucial in fields like organic chemistry and pharmaceuticals, as different isomers can have vastly different biological activities or reactivities.