Isoleringstransformatorer

Isoleringstransformatorer, also known as isolation transformers, are a type of electrical transformer used to electrically separate a load from a power source. This separation is achieved by having no direct electrical connection between the primary and secondary windings. Energy is transferred solely through electromagnetic induction. The primary purpose of an isolation transformer is to enhance safety by preventing the flow of direct current and reducing the risk of electric shock. They are often employed in applications where electrical isolation is critical, such as in medical equipment, test and measurement setups, and some industrial control systems.

By providing galvanic isolation, these transformers can block the passage of common-mode noise, which is a significant advantage in sensitive electronic environments. This isolation can help to improve signal integrity and prevent ground loops. While they do not inherently change voltage levels like a step-up or step-down transformer, isolation transformers can be designed with a 1:1 turns ratio, meaning the output voltage is the same as the input voltage. However, they can also be configured to provide voltage conversion while simultaneously offering isolation. The physical construction involves two separate windings, typically wound on a shared magnetic core, ensuring that any voltage or current on the primary side is not directly conducted to the secondary side.