Isocyanatgrupper

Isocyanatgrupper, also known as isocyanates, are functional groups in organic chemistry characterized by the formula -N=C=O. They are derivatives of cyanic acid (HCNO) and are highly reactive due to the presence of the isocyanate functional group. Isocyanates are commonly used in the production of polyurethane foams, coatings, and adhesives. They react with alcohols, amines, and water to form urethanes, urethanes, and carbamates, respectively. The reaction with water is particularly important in the context of isocyanates, as it can lead to the formation of urea, which is a byproduct of the reaction. This reaction is exothermic and can release significant amounts of heat, making it crucial to control the reaction conditions to prevent runaway reactions. Isocyanates are also used in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and other organic compounds. However, due to their high reactivity and potential health hazards, handling isocyanates requires strict safety precautions.