Ischiaalipäät

Ischiaalipäät, also known as ischial tuberosities or "sitting bones," are two bony prominences located at the bottom of the pelvis, inferior to the acetabulum. They are part of the ischium, one of the three bones that fuse to form the hip bone. The ischial tuberosities are the most inferior part of the pelvis and bear the body's weight when sitting.

These structures are covered by a thick pad of fibrofatty tissue called the ischial bursa, which cushions them from pressure during prolonged sitting. The ischial tuberosities serve as important anatomical landmarks and are attachment points for several muscles, including the hamstrings and the adductor magnus. This muscular attachment is significant for locomotion and stability of the hip joint.

Pain in the ischial tuberosities can arise from various causes, including direct trauma, prolonged sitting on hard surfaces, or overuse injuries related to activities that heavily engage the hamstring muscles, such as running or cycling. Conditions like ischial bursitis, characterized by inflammation of the bursa, can lead to significant discomfort and pain when sitting. Tendinopathy of the hamstring muscles where they attach to the ischial tuberosity is also a common source of pain. Treatment often involves rest, ice, physical therapy, and modifications to sitting posture or habits.