Ioonühendi

Ioonühendi is a term used in Estonian chemistry to refer to an ionic compound. Ionic compounds are formed between a metal and a non-metal, where electrons are transferred from the metal atom to the non-metal atom. This transfer results in the formation of positively charged ions (cations) from the metal and negatively charged ions (anions) from the non-metal. These oppositely charged ions are then held together by strong electrostatic forces, forming a crystal lattice structure.

The properties of ionic compounds are largely determined by the nature of their ionic bonding. They typically have high melting and boiling points due to the strong attraction between ions. In the solid state, they are usually brittle and do not conduct electricity. However, when melted or dissolved in water, the ions become mobile and can carry an electric current, making them good conductors in these states. Common examples of ionic compounds include sodium chloride (NaCl), also known as table salt, and magnesium oxide (MgO). The formation and properties of ioonühendid are fundamental concepts in understanding chemical bonding and the behavior of substances.