Ioannina

Ioannina is a city in northwestern Greece, capital of the Epirus region and of the Ioannina regional unit. It sits on the western shore of Lake Pamvitis at the foot of the Pindus mountains. The urban population is around 110,000. The site has deep historical roots, developing as a regional center through the Byzantine era and under Ottoman rule before joining the modern Greek state in the 20th century.

The core of Ioannina’s historic fabric is Ioannina Castle (Kastro), a hilltop fortress that dominates the city. Within its walls are medieval structures and the Fethiye Mosque, reflecting the long presence of Islam in Epirus. The lake’s island hosts historic monasteries and the residence of Ali Pasha of Ioannina, a prominent late 18th‑century ruler whose palace remains a major landmark. Nearby, the Perama Cave is a notable natural attraction.

Ioannina is also an important educational center. The University of Ioannina, founded in 1964, is a major research university with faculties in medicine, sciences, and humanities. The city houses several museums, including the Byzantine Museum and the Archaeological Museum of Ioannina, which hold artifacts from Epirus and the wider region.

Economically, Ioannina functions as the administrative and cultural hub of Epirus, with tourism and education as major sectors. It is connected by road to other Greek cities, and the area serves air travel through Ioannina National Airport, providing domestic connections and access for visitors.