Intranet

An intranet is a private network designed for a specific organization to share information, resources, and collaborative tools among employees. It typically uses standard web technologies and enterprise infrastructure, allowing internal websites and applications to resemble the public web while remaining inaccessible to the general internet. Access is restricted to authorized users through internal networks, VPNs, or other secure remote access. Intranets are distinct from the Internet in that content and services are intended only for members of the organization and its approved partners.

Common features include a centralized intranet portal, internal websites, document management, search functions, collaboration tools, calendars, workflows, and access to line-of-business applications such as human resources, IT service desks, and project management systems. Integration with identity and access management systems (for example, Active Directory or LDAP) enables single sign-on and role-based permissions. Content is typically organized for easy discovery and may be supported by governance policies and editorial workflows.

Security considerations include authentication, authorization, encryption for data in transit and at rest, and regular audits. Governance covers content ownership, lifecycle management, retention policies, and compliance with internal and external requirements. Usability and adoption are improved through user training and intuitive design.

Benefits include faster information sharing, standardized processes, reduced email load, and better knowledge management. Challenges include maintaining security, keeping content current, avoiding information silos, and ensuring ongoing maintenance and user engagement. Some organizations also deploy extranets to extend selected intranet resources to external partners.