Interaktionism

Interaktionism is a broad term encompassing theories that emphasize the role of interaction in shaping social phenomena. At its core, it suggests that social reality is not a fixed entity but rather a continuous process of construction through the interactions between individuals. These interactions can be verbal or nonverbal, direct or indirect, and are seen as the fundamental building blocks of society, culture, and individual identity.

Symbolic interactionism is perhaps the most well-known variant. It posits that humans act towards things based on the meanings they ascribe to them, and these meanings arise from social interaction. Language and symbols are central to this process, as they allow individuals to communicate and negotiate shared understandings. Through this ongoing process, individuals develop a sense of self and a perception of the social world.

Other forms of interaktionism may focus on different aspects of interaction, such as power dynamics, group formation, or the influence of communication technologies. Regardless of the specific focus, the underlying principle remains the same: social life is a dynamic product of ongoing human engagement. This perspective contrasts with theories that view society as a pre-existing structure that dictates individual behavior. Instead, interaktionism highlights the agency of individuals in shaping and reshaping their social environments through their interactions.