InlC

InlC, also known as the invasin-like protein C, is a bacterial protein found in Yersinia species, including Yersinia pseudotuberculosis and Yersinia enterocolitica. This protein plays a crucial role in the invasion of host cells by these pathogenic bacteria. InlC belongs to the Invasin family of outer membrane proteins, which are known for their ability to mediate bacterial entry into eukaryotic cells.

The mechanism of action for InlC involves binding to specific host cell receptors. While the exact receptors targeted by InlC can vary depending on the Yersinia species and the host cell type, it is generally understood that InlC interacts with integrins. Integrins are transmembrane receptors that play vital roles in cell-cell adhesion, cell-matrix interactions, and signaling pathways. By binding to integrins on the surface of host cells, InlC triggers intracellular signaling cascades that lead to the rearrangement of the host cell cytoskeleton. This cytoskeletal rearrangement, particularly the actin cytoskeleton, facilitates the engulfment of the bacteria by the host cell through a process known as macropinocytosis or receptor-mediated endocytosis.

The invasion of host cells is a critical step in the pathogenesis of Yersinia infections, allowing the bacteria to establish intracellular niches, evade immune surveillance, and disseminate within the host. Therefore, InlC is considered a key virulence factor for Yersinia pathogens. Research into InlC and its interactions with host cells continues to provide insights into the complex interplay between bacterial pathogens and their hosts, potentially leading to the development of novel therapeutic strategies to combat Yersinia infections.