Infeção

Infeção refers to the invasion and multiplication of pathogenic microorganisms, such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites, within a host organism. This process can lead to a disruption of normal tissue function and the development of a disease. The microorganisms responsible for infection are known as pathogens.

Infections can be acquired through various routes, including direct contact with an infected person or animal, ingestion of contaminated food or water, inhalation of airborne droplets, or through vectors like insects. The severity of an infection depends on several factors, including the type and virulence of the pathogen, the dose of the pathogen encountered, and the host's immune system's ability to respond.

Symptoms of infection vary widely and can range from mild to life-threatening. Common signs include fever, inflammation, pain, swelling, and localized redness. The body's immune system plays a crucial role in combating infections by identifying and eliminating pathogens. However, when the immune system is overwhelmed or compromised, the infection can progress.

Infections can be prevented through measures such as proper hygiene, vaccination, safe food handling practices, and avoiding contact with infected individuals. Treatment for infections typically involves antimicrobial medications, such as antibiotics for bacterial infections, antivirals for viral infections, or antifungals for fungal infections. In some cases, supportive care to manage symptoms may also be necessary.