IndoNepal

IndoNepal refers to the bilateral relationship between India and Nepal, two neighboring countries in South Asia that share deep historical, cultural, and economic ties. The relationship is shaped by common language, religion, and long-standing people-to-people connections, as well as strategic and developmental considerations.

Historically, interactions between the two nations span centuries through trade, migration, and cultural exchange. In modern times, formal ties have been maintained through diplomatic channels and agreements, including arrangements that have fostered close cooperation on security, border management, and development. Nepal maintains an open border with India in practice, facilitating movement, trade, and cross-border interaction, while pursuing its sovereignty and a diversified foreign policy.

Economically, India is a major partner for Nepal, accounting for a substantial portion of its trade, transit, and energy supply. Cross-border power exchange and energy projects are important components of cooperation, addressing Nepal’s energy needs. Remittances from Nepali workers in India contribute significantly to Nepal’s economy. Development assistance, infrastructure projects, and efforts to enhance connectivity—such as roads and potentially rail links—have been ongoing.

Culturally, Indo-Nepal ties are reinforced by shared religious traditions, notably Hinduism and Buddhism, and linguistic links, with Nepali widely spoken in both countries. This cultural proximity supports tourism, education, and social exchanges, with many Nepalis and Indians participating in mutual cultural and academic activities.

In recent years, Nepal has sought to diversify its foreign relations and regional partnerships, including closer engagement with China, while maintaining a strong bilateral relationship with India. The Indo-Nepal relationship remains a central element of South Asia’s regional dynamics, influencing security, trade, and cultural exchange.