Immundefizienzsyndrom

Immundefizienzsyndrom is a medical term that describes a condition where the body's immune system is weakened and unable to effectively fight off infections and diseases. This deficiency can be congenital, meaning it is present from birth, or acquired later in life. Congenital immunodeficiencies are often caused by genetic mutations that affect the development or function of immune cells. Acquired immunodeficiencies, on the other hand, can result from various factors, including certain infections, medications, malnutrition, or chronic diseases.

The consequences of an immunodeficiency syndrome vary greatly depending on the severity and specific type of immune system defect. Individuals with weakened immune systems are more susceptible to recurrent infections, which can be severe and prolonged. These infections might involve bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites. In some cases, the immune system may also struggle to identify and eliminate abnormal cells, potentially leading to an increased risk of certain cancers. Diagnosing an immunodeficiency syndrome typically involves a thorough medical history, physical examination, and a series of laboratory tests to assess the function and number of different immune cells and their components. Treatment strategies aim to manage symptoms, prevent infections, and, in some instances, replace or boost the deficient immune components.