Ihobiopsia

Ihobiopsia, also known as a skin biopsy, is a medical procedure in which a small sample of skin is removed for microscopic examination by a pathologist. It is used to diagnose skin diseases, distinguish malignant from benign lesions, assess inflammatory or infectious processes, and guide treatment decisions.

There are several biopsy techniques for the skin. A punch biopsy uses a circular blade to remove a cylindrical sample; a shave biopsy removes a shallow piece of skin from the surface; an incisional biopsy takes a portion of a lesion, while an excisional biopsy removes an entire lesion with or without surrounding margins. Some lesions may be sampled with curettage or a saucer-type technique, depending on location and suspected diagnosis.

Preparation and procedure typically involve assessing medications and bleeding risk. The area is cleansed, and local anesthesia (often lidocaine) is injected. After anesthesia, the chosen technique is performed, and the sample is placed in a fixative for histopathological analysis. Additional tests, such as microbiological culture or immunohistochemistry, may be requested if needed.

Indications include suspicious pigmented lesions, persistent rashes or ulcers, nodules, vesicular or infectious processes, and conditions requiring histological confirmation. Results are usually available within several days to a couple of weeks and help establish a diagnosis and inform treatment plans.

Risks are generally minor and include bleeding, infection, pain, and scarring or pigment changes. Aftercare includes keeping the area clean and dry, applying a simple dressing as advised, and avoiding trauma to the site. Healing times vary but often resolve within one to two weeks; sutures, if used, may require removal.