IgETests

IgETests are a set of diagnostic tests designed to measure immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies in order to assess sensitization to allergens. They are used in evaluating suspected IgE-mediated allergic diseases and are interpreted alongside the patient’s history and other tests.

Two primary categories exist: serum-specific IgE assays, which quantify IgE antibodies against individual allergens in blood samples, and skin-based tests, including skin prick testing and, less commonly, intradermal testing, which assess the skin’s immediate hypersensitivity reaction. A separate measure of total IgE can help gauge atopy but does not diagnose a specific allergy.

A positive IgETest result indicates sensitization but does not by itself establish a clinical allergy; exposure and symptoms must be considered. False positives can arise from cross-reactivity, while false negatives may occur with recent antihistamine use or improper sampling. Negative results do not completely exclude allergy.

IgETests support diagnoses across food, environmental, and venom allergies, and they can guide avoidance strategies and immunotherapy planning. They may also be used in monitoring treatment response in some cases.

Interpretation and use vary by laboratory method and allergen panel. Test performance is influenced by age, medications, skin conditions, and sample handling. In many health systems, reputable IgE testing is conducted in accredited laboratories under professional guidelines from organizations such as AAAAI and EAACI.

History: Specific IgE testing emerged in the late 20th century, with assays such as ImmunoCAP becoming common. Standards continue to evolve with advances in assay technology and clinical guidelines.