IVkanüüli

An IV cannula, also known as a peripheral venous catheter, is a medical device used for venous access. It is typically a small, flexible tube inserted into a vein, usually in the arm or hand, to allow for the administration of fluids, medications, or blood products directly into the bloodstream. Cannulas are commonly used in hospitals, clinics, and emergency settings.

The main components of an IV cannula include a needle, which is used for insertion, and a plastic catheter that remains in the vein after the needle is withdrawn. The catheter is often made of materials like Teflon or polyurethane. Cannulas come in various sizes, indicated by a gauge number, with smaller gauges representing thinner needles and catheters. The selection of the appropriate gauge depends on the purpose of the infusion, the viscosity of the fluid, and the size and condition of the patient's vein.

Insertion of an IV cannula involves cleaning the skin, applying a tourniquet to make the vein more prominent, and then carefully inserting the needle and catheter into the vein. Once in place, the needle is removed, and the catheter is secured to the skin with adhesive tape or a sterile dressing. An infusion set is then connected to the hub of the cannula to deliver the desired substances. IV cannulas are generally removed once the therapy is complete or if complications arise, such as infection, phlebitis (inflammation of the vein), or infiltration (fluid leaking into surrounding tissues).