IL36R

Interleukin-36 receptor, also known as IL36R or IL1RL2, is a transmembrane protein that belongs to the interleukin-1 receptor superfamily. It is encoded by the IL36R gene in humans. IL36R primarily functions as a receptor for a group of cytokines called the IL-36 cytokines, which include IL-36 alpha, IL-36 beta, IL-36 gamma, and IL-36 antagonist. These cytokines play a significant role in regulating immune responses, particularly in inflammatory processes.

Upon binding of IL-36 cytokines to IL36R, a downstream signaling cascade is initiated. This signaling pathway typically involves the recruitment of adaptor proteins and activation of various intracellular kinases, ultimately leading to the modulation of gene expression. The IL36R pathway is implicated in the activation of immune cells such as T cells and dendritic cells, and it contributes to the production of pro-inflammatory mediators.

IL36R is expressed on a variety of cell types, including keratinocytes, epithelial cells, and certain immune cells. Its involvement in immune regulation makes it a key player in maintaining tissue homeostasis and defending against pathogens. Dysregulation of the IL36R pathway has been linked to various inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, highlighting its importance in health and disease. Research continues to explore the precise mechanisms and therapeutic potential of targeting the IL36R pathway for treating inflammatory conditions.