ICD10kooditusjärjestelmä

ICD-10 coding refers to the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision, used to classify and code diagnoses, symptoms, and procedural information in health care. Developed by the World Health Organization, ICD-10 codes provide a standardized language for reporting and monitoring diseases worldwide, enabling epidemiology, billing, and health statistics.

Most ICD-10 codes are alphanumeric and arranged in chapters by body system or condition. Codes can range from three to seven characters; additional digits add specificity such as disease subtype, affected site, or encounter type. Examples include E11.9 for type 2 diabetes mellitus without complications and I10 for essential hypertension.

Different jurisdictions implement ICD-10 through country- or region-specific adaptations. In the United States, ICD-10-CM is used for diagnoses and ICD-10-PCS for procedures, adopted in 2015 to replace ICD-9-CM. Other regions use ICD-10-CM-like or country adaptations such as ICD-10-GM or ICD-10-AM.

Advantages include improved granularity, better data for research, and clearer reimbursement. Limitations include complexity, dependence on precise clinical documentation, potential coding errors, and the need for regular updates as medical knowledge evolves. Training and effective coding audits help mitigate these issues.

ICD-11, the successor to ICD-10, was released by WHO to address emerging medical knowledge and digital health needs. Some countries are gradually adopting ICD-11, while others continue with ICD-10-based systems or transitional adaptations.