Høyspentstrøm

Høyspentstrøm, also known as high-voltage direct current (HVDC), is an electrical power transmission system that uses direct current with a high voltage level. This technology is used to transmit large amounts of electrical power over long distances with minimal losses. HVDC systems are particularly useful for interconnecting asynchronous power systems, such as those in different countries or regions with different frequencies, and for transmitting power over long underwater cables.

The primary advantage of HVDC is its ability to reduce transmission losses compared to high-voltage alternating current (HVAC) systems. This is because HVDC does not suffer from the same level of skin effect and corona discharge losses that HVAC systems experience. Additionally, HVDC systems can be operated at lower voltages, which reduces the need for expensive high-voltage equipment.

HVDC systems typically consist of a rectifier at the sending end, which converts alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC), a DC transmission line, and an inverter at the receiving end, which converts the DC back to AC. The DC transmission line can be either overhead or underground, depending on the specific requirements of the project.

HVDC technology has been in use since the early 20th century, with the first commercial HVDC link being established in 1954 between Gotland and Sweden. Since then, HVDC has become an essential component of modern power systems, enabling the efficient and reliable transmission of electrical power over long distances.