Häkämyrkytystä

Häkämyrkytys, commonly known as carbon monoxide poisoning, occurs when carbon monoxide (CO) gas accumulates in the bloodstream. Carbon monoxide is a colorless, odorless gas produced by the incomplete combustion of carbon-containing materials, such as natural gas, propane, gasoline, and wood. Common sources of CO in homes include malfunctioning furnaces, water heaters, gas stoves, fireplaces, and motor vehicles running in enclosed spaces.

When inhaled, carbon monoxide binds to hemoglobin in red blood cells much more readily than oxygen, forming carboxyhemoglobin (COHb). This binding prevents hemoglobin from transporting oxygen to the body's tissues and organs. The severity of poisoning depends on the concentration of CO in the air and the duration of exposure.

Symptoms of mild carbon monoxide poisoning can mimic those of the flu and include headache, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, and fatigue. As exposure increases, symptoms can progress to confusion, chest pain, loss of consciousness, seizures, and ultimately, death. Because CO is odorless and colorless, individuals may not realize they are being poisoned until it is too late.

Prevention is key to avoiding carbon monoxide poisoning. Installing and regularly maintaining CO detectors in homes is crucial. Ensuring proper ventilation for fuel-burning appliances and avoiding the use of generators, charcoal grills, or camp stoves indoors are also important preventive measures. If CO poisoning is suspected, it is vital to immediately move to fresh air and seek emergency medical attention. Treatment involves administering 100% oxygen to help remove CO from the bloodstream.