Häiriömittaukset

Häiriömittaukset, or disturbance measurements, are a crucial aspect of ensuring the electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) of electronic devices and systems. These measurements are performed to assess the unintended electromagnetic radiation emitted by a device (emissions) and its susceptibility to external electromagnetic disturbances (immunity). The goal is to prevent devices from interfering with each other or with existing radio services, and to ensure they function correctly in their intended electromagnetic environment.

There are two primary categories of häiriömittaukset: emissions measurements and immunity measurements. Emissions measurements typically involve quantifying the radio frequency energy radiated or conducted by a device. This is done using specialized equipment such as antennas, spectrum analyzers, and conducted disturbance voltage probes. These tests are vital for compliance with regulatory standards in many regions, such as those set by the FCC in the United States or CE marking in Europe.

Immunity measurements, on the other hand, evaluate a device's ability to withstand various electromagnetic disturbances without degradation of performance. Common immunity tests include electrostatic discharge (ESD) testing, radiated and conducted immunity testing, and electrical fast transient (EFT) burst testing. These tests simulate real-world electromagnetic phenomena that a device might encounter, like static electricity, radio transmitter fields, or power line fluctuations. Successful completion of häiriömittaukset is essential for a product to be placed on the market, ensuring it operates reliably and does not cause or suffer from electromagnetic interference.