HypothenarEminenzen

The hypothenar eminence is the rounded, fleshy region at the ulnar side of the hand, located on the palm near the base of the little finger. It comprises three small intrinsic hand muscles: the abductor digiti minimi, the flexor digiti minimi brevis, and the opponens digiti minimi. These muscles originate primarily from the pisiform, the hamate, and the fifth metacarpal bone, and insert into the base of the fifth metacarpal and the proximal phalanx of the little finger.

The function of the hypothenar muscles is to manage the movements of the little finger. The abductor digiti minimi abducts the finger away from the hand’s midline; the flexor digiti minimi brevis flexes it at the metacarpophalangeal joint; and the opponens digiti minimi allows the finger to oppose the thumb, which is crucial for grasping objects. Together, these muscles contribute to the overall dexterity and power of the hand, especially in tasks that require precise manipulation with the little finger.

Innervation of the hypothenar eminence is supplied by the ulnar nerve (CN XII), reflecting its role as part of the ulnar side of the hand’s intrinsic musculature. Blood supply is provided mainly by the superficial palmar digital arteries. Clinically, injury to the ulnar nerve or to the muscles themselves can lead to weakness or loss of opposition of the little finger, often presenting as the “claw hand” deformity or diminished grip strength. The muscles are also important landmarks in surgical procedures involving the ulnar side of the wrist and hand.