Hypodermia

Hypodermia refers to the space or layer beneath the skin. This anatomical region is more formally known as the hypodermis or subcutaneous tissue. It is the deepest layer of the integumentary system, situated below the dermis and above the underlying fascia and muscles. The hypodermis is primarily composed of loose connective tissue and adipose tissue (fat).

The adipose tissue within the hypodermis serves several important functions. It acts as an insulator, helping to regulate body temperature by preventing heat loss. It also provides a reservoir of energy for the body, storing fat that can be mobilized when needed. Furthermore, the hypodermis cushions and protects underlying organs and structures from mechanical shock and trauma. It also anchors the skin to the deeper tissues, allowing for some degree of movement.

Blood vessels and nerves also permeate the hypodermis, supplying nutrients and sensation to the skin layers above. Hair follicles and sweat glands extend into this layer, with their ducts passing through the dermis to reach the skin's surface. In certain areas of the body, the hypodermis can be quite thick, contributing significantly to body mass and contour. The composition and thickness of the hypodermis can vary between individuals and across different body regions.