Hyperkeratóza

Hyperkeratóza is a medical term that describes a thickening of the outermost layer of the skin, the stratum corneum. This thickening is caused by an abnormal accumulation of keratin, a tough, protective protein that makes up skin, hair, and nails. The condition is not a disease in itself but rather a symptom or a manifestation of underlying issues.

There are various causes for hyperkeratóza. It can be a natural response of the skin to repeated friction, pressure, or irritation, leading to the formation of calluses and corns. In some cases, it can be associated with genetic conditions such as ichthyosis, which causes widespread dry, scaling skin. Certain skin diseases, like psoriasis, eczema, and fungal infections, can also present with hyperkeratotic lesions. Additionally, some medications or vitamin deficiencies can contribute to its development.

The appearance of hyperkeratóza can vary depending on the cause and location. It typically manifests as dry, rough, and thickened patches of skin. The color can range from normal skin tone to yellowish or brownish. In severe cases, the skin may become cracked, leading to pain and an increased risk of infection. Diagnosis is usually made through a physical examination, and sometimes a skin biopsy may be performed to determine the underlying cause. Treatment focuses on addressing the root cause, which might involve topical medications, emollients, or addressing underlying medical conditions.