Hydroxyapatitt

Hydroxyapatite is a mineral form of calcium apatite with the formula Ca5(PO4)3(OH)2. It is a member of the apatite group. Hydroxyapatite is the most abundant mineral form of calcium phosphate in the human body and is the main mineral constituent of bone and teeth. It is also found in some toothpastes and dietary supplements.

In biological systems, hydroxyapatite plays a crucial role in skeletal development and maintenance. The mineralized matrix of bone is primarily composed of hydroxyapatite crystals, which provide strength and rigidity. Enamel, the outer layer of teeth, is also largely made of hydroxyapatite, protecting the underlying dentin from wear and decay.

Beyond its biological significance, hydroxyapatite has various industrial and medical applications. It is used as a biomaterial in bone grafting and as a coating for orthopedic implants, promoting bone integration. Its ability to bind to certain proteins and molecules makes it useful in chromatography for separating and purifying biological compounds. Synthetic hydroxyapatite can be produced through chemical precipitation or hydrothermal methods. The properties of synthetic hydroxyapatite, such as crystal size and morphology, can be controlled during synthesis to tailor it for specific applications. Research continues into novel uses of hydroxyapatite in areas like drug delivery and tissue engineering.