Hustenreflexen

Hustenreflexen, also known as cough reflexes, are involuntary physiological responses designed to clear the airways of irritants, foreign bodies, or excess mucus. This reflex is a crucial protective mechanism for the respiratory system.

The cough reflex is triggered when sensory receptors, called cough receptors, located in the respiratory tract, are stimulated. These receptors can be activated by a variety of stimuli, including inhaled dust, smoke, chemicals, or the presence of mucus. Once activated, these receptors send signals via the vagus nerve to the brainstem, specifically to the cough center in the medulla oblongata.

The cough center then orchestrates a complex sequence of muscular actions. This typically begins with a deep inhalation, followed by a forceful closure of the glottis (the opening between the vocal cords). The abdominal and intercostal muscles then contract, increasing intrathoracic pressure. Finally, the glottis opens abruptly, expelling air from the lungs at high velocity, which helps to dislodge and remove the offending substance from the airways.

Different types of coughs can arise from this reflex, depending on the stimulus and the underlying cause. A dry cough may indicate irritation without significant mucus production, while a wet or productive cough suggests the presence of mucus that is being expelled. Persistent or abnormal cough reflexes can be indicative of various respiratory conditions and may warrant medical attention.