Hornhinnetransplantasjon

Hornhinnetransplantasjon, also known as keratoplasty, is a surgical procedure to replace damaged or diseased cornea with healthy donor tissue. The cornea is the clear, outer layer at the front of the eye that covers the iris and pupil. It plays a crucial role in focusing light, and damage to it can lead to significant vision loss or blindness.

The primary reasons for undergoing a hornhinnetransplantasjon include conditions such as corneal dystrophies, Fuchs' dystrophy, keratoconus, scarring from infections or injuries, and severe dry eye disease. The goal of the surgery is to restore clarity to the cornea, thereby improving vision and alleviating pain.

The procedure involves removing the damaged central part of the patient's cornea and replacing it with a donor cornea, which is then stitched into place. There are different types of hornhinnetransplantasjon, including penetrating keratoplasty (full-thickness replacement) and lamellar keratoplasty (partial-thickness replacement), chosen based on the specific condition and depth of corneal damage.

Recovery time varies, but patients typically experience gradual improvement in vision over several months. Post-operative care is essential and includes the use of eye drops to prevent infection and rejection of the donor tissue. While hornhinnetransplantasjon is a successful procedure for many, potential risks include infection, inflammation, and rejection of the transplanted cornea. Regular follow-up with an ophthalmologist is crucial to monitor the healing process and ensure the long-term success of the graft.