Hooldusperioodi

Hooldusperioodi, also known as the menstrual cycle, is a series of physiological changes that occur in the female reproductive system, typically every 28 days. It is characterized by the growth and shedding of the uterine lining, which is stimulated by hormones. The menstrual cycle is divided into four main phases: menstruation, the follicular phase, ovulation, and the luteal phase.

Menstruation, or the menstrual phase, occurs at the beginning of the cycle and lasts for about 3-7 days. During this phase, the uterine lining sheds, resulting in menstrual bleeding. The follicular phase follows, lasting for about 14 days. It is characterized by the growth of the follicle in the ovary, which produces estrogen. Ovulation occurs mid-cycle, typically around day 14. During ovulation, the follicle releases an egg, which is then fertilized by sperm if conception occurs.

The luteal phase begins after ovulation and lasts for about 14 days. It is characterized by the transformation of the follicle into the corpus luteum, which produces progesterone. If fertilization does not occur, the corpus luteum degenerates, leading to a decrease in progesterone levels and the shedding of the uterine lining, starting the cycle anew.

The menstrual cycle is influenced by various factors, including age, stress, and hormonal imbalances. It is also affected by certain medications and medical conditions. Regular monitoring of the menstrual cycle can help in tracking ovulation and predicting fertile days, which is important for individuals trying to conceive.