Hohlraummaterial

Hohlraummaterial refers to the material used in the construction of hohlraums, which are small, hollow metal containers designed to contain and compress fuel for inertial confinement fusion (ICF) experiments. The primary purpose of hohlraummaterial is to efficiently absorb and convert laser energy into X-rays, which then heat and compress the fuel, initiating fusion reactions.

The choice of hohlraummaterial is critical due to its impact on the efficiency and performance of ICF experiments. Commonly used materials include gold, uranium, and their alloys. Gold is favored for its high atomic number, which enhances X-ray emission, and its ability to withstand high temperatures. Uranium, on the other hand, is used for its high density, which helps in achieving higher compression of the fuel.

The material must possess several key properties to be effective in a hohlraum. These include high thermal conductivity to distribute heat evenly, high opacity to absorb laser energy, and high resistance to thermal and mechanical stress. Additionally, the material should have a low atomic number to minimize self-absorption of X-rays, ensuring that the majority of the laser energy is converted into X-rays.

The design and material selection of hohlraums are subjects of ongoing research, as scientists strive to improve the efficiency and reliability of ICF as a potential source of clean, abundant energy. Advances in hohlraummaterial and design continue to push the boundaries of what is possible in fusion research.