Hochexplosive

Hochexplosive is a term used in German-language technical literature (and occasionally in English-language texts) to denote high explosives—energetic materials capable of detonation, as opposed to low explosives which deflagrate. When initiated by a mechanical shock or thermal input, they undergo rapid chemical decomposition that propagates as a detonation wave, producing a high-pressure shock front and a strong blast.

High explosives are typically classified into primary and secondary categories. Primary explosives are highly sensitive to heat, friction, and impact and are used as initiators in detonators. Secondary explosives are less sensitive and used as the main charge in munitions and demolition charges. Some modern formulations balance sensitivity and performance by combining properties to suit specific applications.

Common high explosives include TNT (detonation velocity about 6.9 km/s), RDX (approximately 8.2–8.5 km/s), PETN (about 8.4–8.6 km/s), and HMX (about 9.0–9.1 km/s). Less sensitive variants such as TATB are designed for insensitivity in certain environments. The choice of explosive affects brisance, detonation pressure, and heat of reaction, which in turn influence applications such as shaped charges, blasting, or military ordnance.

Applications are regulated due to safety and security concerns. They are used in controlled demolition, mining, and military ordnance, under strict handling, storage, and disposal protocols. International and national regulations govern manufacture, transport, and use to minimize risk to people and infrastructure.