Hjartaáföllum

Hjartaáföllum, also known as myocardial infarction or heart attack, is a medical emergency that occurs when blood flow to a part of the heart muscle is severely reduced or blocked. This blockage is typically caused by a buildup of plaque in the coronary arteries, which can rupture and form a blood clot. When the blood clot obstructs blood flow, the heart muscle begins to die from lack of oxygen.

Symptoms of a hjartaáföllum can vary widely among individuals and may include chest pain or discomfort, often described as pressure, squeezing, fullness, or pain in the center or left side of the chest. This pain can radiate to the arm, jaw, neck, or back. Other common symptoms include shortness of breath, cold sweat, nausea, vomiting, and lightheadedness. Women may experience different or less typical symptoms, such as unusual fatigue, sleep disturbances, and pain in the upper back or abdomen.

Immediate medical attention is crucial for anyone experiencing symptoms suggestive of a hjartaáföllum. Prompt treatment can limit the damage to the heart muscle and improve the chances of survival and recovery. Medical professionals will typically perform an electrocardiogram (ECG) to assess heart activity and blood tests to detect cardiac enzymes released when the heart muscle is damaged. Treatment may involve medications to dissolve blood clots, angioplasty to open blocked arteries, or bypass surgery. Lifestyle modifications such as a healthy diet, regular exercise, and avoiding smoking are important for prevention and recovery.