Hiiliteollisuuden

Hiiliteollisuuden refers to the extraction, processing, and utilization of coal, a fossil fuel formed from ancient plant matter. This industry has historically played a significant role in global energy production and industrial development. Coal is primarily used for electricity generation in power plants, where it is burned to produce steam that drives turbines. It is also a crucial ingredient in the production of steel and cement.

The extraction of coal involves mining, which can be done through surface mining or underground mining. Surface mining, also known as strip mining, is employed when coal seams are close to the Earth's surface. Underground mining is used for deeper coal deposits. Both methods have environmental impacts, including habitat destruction, water pollution, and greenhouse gas emissions.

Processing coal typically involves crushing and cleaning it to remove impurities. The processed coal is then transported, often by rail or ship, to power plants and industrial facilities. The combustion of coal releases significant amounts of carbon dioxide, a major greenhouse gas contributing to climate change. Other pollutants, such as sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides, are also released, leading to acid rain and respiratory problems.

In recent decades, there has been a global trend towards reducing reliance on coal due to its environmental consequences. Many countries are transitioning to cleaner energy sources like renewables and natural gas. However, coal remains a significant part of the energy mix in some regions, particularly those with abundant domestic coal reserves and established infrastructure. Efforts to mitigate the environmental impact of coal use include the development of cleaner coal technologies and carbon capture and storage.