Hiilirikasta

Hiilirikasta, also known as coal tar, is a dark, thick, highly viscous liquid obtained as a by-product of the coking process used in the production of coal gas. It is a complex mixture of hydrocarbons and heterocyclic compounds, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), which are known to be carcinogenic. Hiilirikasta is primarily used as a raw material in the chemical industry for the production of various chemicals, such as benzene, toluene, and xylene, which are used in the manufacture of plastics, synthetic fibers, and other products.

The composition of hiilirikasta can vary depending on the type of coal used and the specific coking process employed. It typically contains a high concentration of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), which can contribute to air pollution if not properly managed. The handling and disposal of hiilirikasta require careful consideration due to its potential environmental and health hazards.

In recent years, there has been a growing interest in the development of cleaner and more sustainable alternatives to hiilirikasta, as well as in the recycling and safe disposal of existing stocks. Research is ongoing to identify more environmentally friendly methods for the production and use of coal tar, as well as to develop new technologies for its safe and efficient management.