Hermostojärjestelmät

Hermostojärjestelmät are biological systems responsible for transmitting signals between different parts of the body. They are composed of specialized cells called neurons that communicate with each other through electrochemical signals. The nervous system is broadly divided into two main parts: the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS). The CNS consists of the brain and spinal cord, acting as the body's control center. The PNS includes all the nerves outside the CNS, connecting the CNS to the rest of the body, including muscles, glands, and sensory organs.

The function of the nervous system is to process information from the internal and external environment, coordinate bodily activities, and enable responses. Sensory neurons transmit information from sensory receptors to the CNS, where it is interpreted. Motor neurons then carry signals from the CNS to effectors, such as muscles and glands, to produce a response. This intricate network allows for complex behaviors, learning, memory, and the maintenance of homeostasis. Diseases affecting the nervous system can lead to a wide range of debilitating conditions, impacting motor control, sensation, cognition, and emotion.