Hepatoviiruste

Hepatoviiruste refers to a group of viruses that primarily infect the liver. These viruses are collectively known as hepatitis viruses and are a major cause of liver inflammation, or hepatitis. While several different viruses can cause hepatitis, the most common and well-studied are hepatitis A virus (HAV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), hepatitis D virus (HDV), and hepatitis E virus (HEV). Each of these viruses has distinct characteristics regarding their mode of transmission, incubation period, clinical presentation, and potential for causing chronic liver disease.

Hepatitis A and E are typically transmitted through the fecal-oral route, often via contaminated food or water, and usually cause acute infections that resolve without long-term consequences. Hepatitis B, C, and D, on the other hand, are primarily transmitted through blood and bodily fluids, such as through sexual contact, sharing needles, or from mother to child during birth. These viruses have a higher propensity to cause chronic infections, which can lead to serious liver complications like cirrhosis and liver cancer. Diagnosis of hepatoviiruses typically involves blood tests to detect viral antigens, antibodies, or genetic material. Prevention strategies vary depending on the virus but include vaccination (for HAV and HBV), safe injection practices, and careful handling of blood products.