Hepatocytechs

Hepatocytechs are a specialized type of cell found in the liver. These cells are the primary functional units of the liver and are responsible for carrying out the vast majority of the organ's metabolic, synthetic, and detoxification functions. Hepatocytechs are large, polyhedral cells with a single, prominent nucleus, although binucleated cells are not uncommon. They are tightly packed together, forming cords that radiate from central veins.

The cytoplasm of hepatocytechs is rich in organelles, including abundant mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum (both rough and smooth), and Golgi apparatus, reflecting their high metabolic activity. They also contain lysosomes and peroxisomes. The hepatocytech membrane exhibits distinct apical and basolateral domains. The apical surface faces the bile canaliculi, small channels that collect bile produced by the cells, while the basolateral surface faces the sinusoids, the specialized capillaries of the liver.

Hepatocytechs perform an array of vital tasks. They synthesize plasma proteins such as albumin and clotting factors, produce bile to aid in digestion, and metabolize carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. They also play a crucial role in detoxification, breaking down drugs, alcohol, and metabolic waste products. Furthermore, hepatocytechs store glycogen, vitamins, and minerals. Their regenerative capacity is remarkable, allowing the liver to recover from significant injury.