Hepatocitário

Hepatocitário refers to anything relating to hepatocytes, which are the main functional cells of the liver. These cells constitute a large proportion of the liver's mass and are responsible for a wide array of metabolic, endocrine, and exocrine functions. Hepatocytes are polygonal in shape and have one or two nuclei. They are organized into lobules, with specialized arrangements within these structures that facilitate their diverse roles.

The functions performed by hepatocytes are critical for maintaining homeostasis in the body. These include the synthesis of bile, which aids in digestion and absorption of fats; the production of essential proteins such as albumin and clotting factors; the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins; the detoxification of drugs and toxins; and the storage of glycogen, vitamins, and minerals. Their metabolic capacity is remarkable, allowing them to process a vast range of substances.

Diseases affecting the liver often involve damage or dysfunction of hepatocytes. Conditions like hepatitis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma are characterized by alterations in hepatocyte structure and function. Research into hepatocyte biology is crucial for understanding liver diseases and developing therapeutic strategies, including liver transplantation and regenerative medicine approaches aimed at restoring liver function through the regeneration or replacement of damaged hepatocytes. The study of hepatocitário processes is therefore central to hepatology.