Heartlung

Heartlung is not an established anatomical term, but it is sometimes used to describe the functional integration of the heart and lungs as a unit. This concept emphasizes how cardiac and pulmonary systems work together to circulate blood, oxygenate it in the lungs, and deliver oxygen-rich blood to tissues throughout the body.

In physiological terms, the heart and lungs form a coupled pair. The right ventricle sends deoxygenated blood to the lungs via the pulmonary arteries, where gas exchange occurs. Oxygenated blood returns to the left atrium and is propelled by the left ventricle into the systemic circulation. The lungs also influence the heart through pulmonary vascular resistance, gas levels, and breathing mechanics, which can affect heart rate and contractility.

Clinically, disturbances in heartlung coordination are common in many conditions. Pulmonary diseases can place additional strain on the right heart, while left heart failure can cause pulmonary edema and impaired gas exchange. Conversely, severe lung disease can limit oxygen delivery and increase cardiac workload. In surgery, cardiopulmonary bypass temporarily replaces heart and lung function, illustrating the practical interdependence of these organs.

Research on heartlung interactions encompasses cardiopulmonary physiology, exercise science, and critical care. Models and devices that address both cardiac and pulmonary support—such as ventricular assist devices with lung-assisted features or integrated resuscitation approaches—reflect an ongoing interest in studying and treating conditions where heart and lung functions are tightly linked.