HbA1ctesting

HbA1c testing, also known as glycated hemoglobin testing or hemoglobin A1c, is a laboratory test that measures a person's average blood glucose level over the past two to three months. It is a crucial diagnostic tool for diabetes and prediabetes, and it is also used to monitor the effectiveness of treatment in individuals with diabetes.

The test works by measuring the percentage of hemoglobin in red blood cells that has glucose attached to it. Hemoglobin is a protein found in red blood cells responsible for carrying oxygen. When blood glucose levels are high, glucose molecules attach to hemoglobin. The higher the blood glucose, the more glucose attaches. Red blood cells have a lifespan of about 120 days, so the HbA1c test provides an average over this period.

The results of an HbA1c test are reported as a percentage. Generally, a result below 5.7% is considered normal, a result between 5.7% and 6.4% indicates prediabetes, and a result of 6.5% or higher on two separate tests suggests diabetes. For individuals diagnosed with diabetes, target HbA1c levels are typically below 7%, though this can vary based on individual factors and healthcare provider recommendations. Regular monitoring helps individuals and their doctors adjust treatment plans to manage blood sugar levels effectively and reduce the risk of long-term diabetes complications.