Harvametallit

Harvametallit, often translated as rare earth elements (REEs), are a group of seventeen chemically similar metallic elements. These include the fifteen lanthanides, plus scandium and yttrium. Despite their name, most rare earth elements are not particularly rare in the Earth's crust, but they are rarely found in economically viable concentrations. They are also often found together, making their separation a complex and energy-intensive process.

These elements possess unique physical and chemical properties that make them indispensable in a wide range of modern technologies. They are crucial components in magnets used in electric vehicles and wind turbines, in phosphors for lighting and displays, in catalysts for petroleum refining, and in advanced electronics. Their applications span from consumer electronics like smartphones and laptops to defense systems and medical imaging.

The global supply of rare earth elements is dominated by a few countries, leading to concerns about supply chain security and price volatility. Efforts are underway worldwide to diversify sources, improve recycling techniques, and develop alternative materials to reduce reliance on these critical elements.