Hansenszolubilitási

Hansenszolubilitási, often referred to as Hansen Solubility Parameters (HSP), is a system for predicting the solubility of a substance in a solvent. Developed by Charles M. Hansen in the 1960s, it is based on the principle that "like dissolves like." This means that if two substances have similar solubility parameters, they are likely to be miscible or soluble.

The HSP system quantifies the cohesive energy density of a substance, which is the energy required to remove a molecule from its neighbors. This energy is broken down into three components: dispersion forces, polar forces, and hydrogen bonding. Each component is assigned a numerical value, and the combination of these three values represents the Hansen Solubility Parameters for a given substance.

Dispersion forces are the weakest intermolecular forces, arising from temporary fluctuations in electron distribution. Polar forces are stronger and result from permanent dipoles in molecules. Hydrogen bonding is the strongest of the three, occurring between a hydrogen atom bonded to a highly electronegative atom and another electronegative atom with a lone pair of electrons.

By comparing the HSP of a solute to the HSP of a solvent, one can predict the likelihood of dissolution. A smaller difference between the HSP values indicates a greater probability of solubility. This system is widely used in various industries, including coatings, adhesives, pharmaceuticals, and polymer science, to select appropriate solvents, formulate mixtures, and understand material compatibility. It provides a valuable tool for predicting and explaining solubility behavior, aiding in product development and troubleshooting.