Halswirbelsäulenhaltung

Halswirbelsäule refers to the cervical spine, the uppermost part of the vertebral column in vertebrates, located in the neck. It consists of seven vertebrae, designated C1 through C7, which provide support and mobility for the head. The cervical spine is crucial for a wide range of movements, including flexion, extension, lateral bending, and rotation, allowing the head to look up, down, and side to side. This region houses the spinal cord, which transmits nerve signals between the brain and the rest of the body, and is also protected by the cervical vertebrae.

The anatomy of the cervical spine is unique. The first two vertebrae, the atlas (C1) and the axis (C2), have specialized structures that facilitate head movement. The atlas, lacking a typical vertebral body, articulates with the occipital bone of the skull, enabling nodding. The axis possesses an odontoid process (dens) that the atlas rotates around, allowing for rotation of the head. The remaining vertebrae, C3 to C7, have a more standard structure, but still possess features that contribute to the spine's flexibility and stability.

Disorders affecting the cervical spine can range from common conditions like whiplash, often resulting from sudden forceful movements of the neck, to more serious issues such as herniated discs, degenerative disc disease, and spinal stenosis. These conditions can cause pain, stiffness, numbness, and weakness, and may impact neurological function depending on the severity and location of the issue. Diagnosis typically involves physical examination, imaging techniques like X-rays, MRI, or CT scans, and sometimes nerve conduction studies. Treatment options vary widely and can include conservative measures like physical therapy, medication, and rest, or surgical interventions in more severe cases.