HOCH2CH2OH

HOCH2CH2OH, more commonly known as ethylene glycol, is an organic compound with the chemical formula C2H6O2. It is a colorless, odorless, viscous liquid that is miscible with water. Ethylene glycol is primarily used as an antifreeze in automobile cooling systems due to its low freezing point when mixed with water. It also serves as a precursor in the manufacture of polyester fibers and resins, most notably polyethylene terephthalate (PET), which is used in plastic bottles and clothing.

The production of ethylene glycol typically involves the hydration of ethylene oxide. Ethylene oxide itself is derived from ethylene, a major petrochemical. Ethylene glycol is a toxic substance, and ingestion can lead to serious health consequences, including kidney damage, central nervous system depression, and even death. Consequently, it is often dyed a bright color in antifreeze formulations to deter accidental consumption. Despite its toxicity, ethylene glycol plays a significant role in various industrial applications due to its desirable physical and chemical properties. Its ability to absorb heat and its low volatility make it an effective coolant.