HCOBr

Hypobromous acid, with the chemical formula HCOBr, is a weak acid. It is an inorganic compound and is considered an oxoacid of bromine. HCOBr is typically encountered in aqueous solutions. It is formed when bromine reacts with water, especially in the presence of a base. This reaction is an equilibrium, and HCOBr is one of the products.

The properties of hypobromous acid are similar to those of other hypohalous acids, such as hypochlorous acid. It is a strong oxidizing agent and can react with various organic and inorganic substances. Its oxidizing power is a key aspect of its chemical behavior. Due to its instability, it is often generated in situ and used immediately.

In aqueous solution, HCOBr partially dissociates into a hypobromite ion (OBr-) and a hydrogen ion (H+). The equilibrium constant for this dissociation is characteristic of its acidic strength. The hypobromite ion is also a reactive species.

Hypobromous acid and its salts, the hypobromites, have applications as disinfectants and bleaching agents. Their ability to kill microorganisms is due to their oxidizing properties, which damage essential cellular components. However, their use is less common than that of hypochlorites. Environmental concerns and the potential formation of brominated byproducts are also considerations in its application.