HCO3H

HCO3H is the chemical formula for formic acid. It is the simplest carboxylic acid, consisting of a single carbon atom attached to a carboxyl group (-COOH) and a hydrogen atom. Formic acid is a colorless liquid with a pungent odor and is corrosive. It is found naturally in the venom of ants and stinging nettles, and it plays a role in some biological processes.

Formic acid is produced industrially through several methods, including the carbonylation of methanol and the hydrolysis of formamide. It is used in various applications, such as the production of leather and textiles, as a preservative in animal feed, and as a reducing agent in chemical synthesis. In its pure form, formic acid can cause severe burns and irritation to the skin, eyes, and respiratory tract. Diluted solutions are less hazardous but should still be handled with care. The chemical properties of formic acid are characteristic of carboxylic acids, including its acidity and its ability to undergo esterification and other reactions. It is miscible with water and many organic solvents.