Hõlmavad

Hõlmavad is the Estonian present tense form of the verb hõlmama, meaning to embrace, to cover, or to encompass/include. It is used with a plural subject and describes including or spanning a range of elements, topics, or components. For example: Need teemad hõlmavad mitmesuguseid aspekte (These topics include various aspects). Kava hõlmab koolitust, juhendamist ja hindamist (The program covers training, mentoring, and assessment).

Grammatical notes: Hõlmama is a transitive verb. Hõlmavad is the third-person plural present tense form, used when the subject is plural. The verb can convey both physical surrounding or abstract inclusion, depending on context. It is common in formal and semi-formal registers, particularly in academic, policy, and organizational writing to indicate scope or coverage.

Usage and nuance: Hõlmavad emphasizes breadth and inclusivity, suggesting that the subject spans or comprises a wide set of elements. It is often preferred when describing comprehensive scope, as opposed to more narrow verbs such as sisaldama (to contain) or katma (to cover), which can have slightly different shades. In adjectival form, the related word hõlmav (encompassing, inclusive) is used to describe something that covers a broad range.

Examples of use: Eesti uuring hõlmab nii kirjandust kui ka visuaalset kultuuri. Organisatsiooni hiljutine tegevus hõlmab kogunemisi, hindamisi ja kogemuste jagamist. These sentences illustrate how hõlmavad links a subject to a broad set of elements rather than a simple listing.