Gynogenetic
Gynogenetic describes organisms that reproduce by gynogenesis, a reproductive mode in which female eggs are activated by sperm but the paternal genome is not incorporated into the offspring. In gynogenesis, fertilization may occur to trigger development, but the paternal chromosomes are typically excluded or inactivated, yielding offspring that are genetically maternal clones. Mechanisms to restore diploidy can include duplication of the maternal genome or suppression of meiosis.
The best-known example occurs in fishes, notably the Amazon molly (Poecilia formosa), a diploid, all-female species
Genetically, gynogenetic offspring are usually maternal in origin. However, rare paternal leakage can occur, in which
See also: parthenogenesis, asexual reproduction, clonal reproduction.